Ngwa nke modulu peltier, modulu thermoelectric na ndị na-achịkwa okpomọkụ

Ngwa nke modulu peltier, modulu thermoelectric na ndị na-achịkwa okpomọkụ

Modulu oyi nke Thermoelectric (ihe peltier)—nke a na-akpọkarị thermoelectric coolers (TECs)—bụ ihe dị mkpa na sistemụ njikwa okpomọkụ dị elu. Ọrụ ha dabere na mmetụta Peltier: mgbe ọkụ kpọmkwem gafere thermocouple nke ihe abụọ dị iche iche nke semiconductor mepụtara, a na-etinye okpomọkụ n'otu njikọ (akụkụ oyi) ma jụ ya n'otu oge na njikọ nke ọzọ (akụkụ ọkụ).

N'ime sistemụ njikwa okpomọkụ agbakwunyere, modulu thermoelectric, modulu peltier, TECs na ndị na-achịkwa okpomọkụ nwere ọgụgụ isi (dịka ọmụmaatụ, thermostats) iji mee ka iwu okpomọkụ bidirectional, active, na emechi-loop nwee izi ezi pụrụ iche. N'okpuru ebe a bụ nyocha nhazi nke ụkpụrụ ọrụ ha na mmejuputa ha bara uru:

1. Isi ụkpụrụ ọrụ: Nhazi okpomọkụ nke nwere ụzọ abụọ mechiri emechi

Modulu oyi nke Thermoelectric, TEC na-arụ ọrụ naanị dị ka ngwaọrụ mbufe okpomọkụ ma enweghị ike ikpebi ma ọ ga-ajụ oyi ma ọ bụ kpoo ọkụ n'onwe ya; ikike ime mkpebi a dị kpamkpam n'ime njikwa okpomọkụ—"ngalaba nhazi etiti" nke sistemụ ahụ. N'inwe ihe mmetụta okpomọkụ dị elu, onye njikwa ahụ na-enyocha okpomọkụ n'ezie mgbe niile ma na-atụnyere ya na ntọala ndị onye ọrụ kọwara:

• Ụdị oyi: Mgbe okpomọkụ a tụrụ gafere ebe a na-etinye ihe n'elu, onye njikwa ahụ na-etinye ọkụ eletrik na-eleda anya n'ihu, na-eme ka mwepụta okpomọkụ dịkwuo elu n'akụkụ oyi.

• Ụdị ikpo ọkụ: Mgbe okpomọkụ dara n'okpuru ebe a na-etinye ihe dị ala, onye njikwa ahụ na-agbanwe polarity nke ugbu a, si otú a na-agbanwe ọrụ okpomọkụ nke njikọ abụọ ahụ ma na-amalite ikpo ọkụ na-arụ ọrụ.

Usoro mgbanwe ugbu a na-eme ka mgbanwe ọnọdụ okpomọkụ dị nso ozugbo—na-enweghị nkwụsị igwe ma ọ bụ enweghị ike okpomọkụ—si otú a na-enye nzaghachi dị elu ma e jiri ya tụnyere sistemụ friji nkịtị nke na-adabere na ihe ndị na-ekpo ọkụ dị iche iche ma na-egosipụta igbu oge igwe dị n'ime ya.

2. Ngalaba ngwa nnọchite anya

N'ihi obere akara ha, ọrụ ha na-arụ n'enweghị mkpọtụ, arụmọrụ ha na-enweghị mkpọtụ, na nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ (na-enweta nkenke njikwa nke ±0.1 °C, na ala ruo ±0.01 °C na nhazi kachasị mma), sistemụ njikwa okpomọkụ dabere na TEC modul Thermoelectric (peltier cooler) na-agbasa n'ọtụtụ ebe na ngalaba dị mkpa maka ọrụ:

• Sayensị ahụike na ndụ: Ngwa mgbagharị okpomọkụ Polymerase (PCR), ihe nyocha mkpụrụ ndụ ihe nketa nke ọgbọ na-abịa, ihe nyocha kemịkalụ ọgwụ, na ihe nchekwa ọgwụ mgbochi nke na-emetụta okpomọkụ—ihe niile chọrọ otu okpomọkụ siri ike iji hụ na nnwale ahụ ziri ezi na nchekwa onye ọrịa.

• Sistemụ anya na fotonik: Diode laser, sensọ anya, na ihe nchọpụta infrared, ebe mgbanwe okpomọkụ dị mkpirikpi na-eme ka ebili mmiri ma ọ bụ gbagọrọ agbagọ ụzọ anya; ya mere, nkwụsi ike TEC ziri ezi dị mkpa maka ịnọgide na-enwe ntụkwasị obi mgbaàmà na nkwukọrịta anya na usoro elu nke optics dị elu.

• Mmepụta ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe na semiconductor: Ndị na-eme fotolithography, ngwaọrụ etching plasma, modulu onyonyo ADAS, na transceivers LiDAR—ebe nkwụsi ike okpomọkụ na-achịkwa kpọmkwem ike imeghari usoro, mmepụta, na ntụkwasị obi akụrụngwa ogologo oge n'okpuru ọnọdụ gburugburu ebe obibi dị iche iche.

• Ngwa eletrọnịkị ndị ahịa na ngwaọrụ ndị a na-ebugharị ebugharị: Modulu njikwa okpomọkụ ekwentị, ihe ndị na-eme ka mmiri ghara ịdị n'ime ya dị obere, ihe ndị na-eme ka oyi ghara ịdị n'ime akpụkpọ ahụ, na ngwaọrụ mkpakọ oyi—na-enye ngwọta okpomọkụ dị jụụ, nke na-enweghị friji, na nke na-adịgide adịgide na gburugburu ebe obibi.

3. Sistemụ dị mkpa na-eme ka arụmọrụ TEC kacha mma rụọ ọrụ na thermoelectric

Iji jiri ike nke modulu peltier, ngwaọrụ peltier, TECs n'ime usoro njikwa okpomọkụ mee ihe nke ọma, a ga-ahazi ma hazie ọtụtụ sistemụ ndị na-adabere n'otu ebe nke ọma:

• Njikwa nzaghachi dabere na PID: N'iburu n'uche njirimara nke inertia okpomọkụ dị n'ime ya na njirimara mbufe voltaji-ugbu a-okpomọkụ nke TECs, a na-eji algọridim peltier proportional-integral-derivative (PID) nke modulu peltier iji gbanwee ugbu a draịva, wepụ njehie ọnọdụ kwụsiri ike, gbochie oscillations okpomọkụ, ma kwado ọrụ isothermal n'ezie.

• Njikwa okpomọkụ dị elu nke na-arụ ọrụ nke ọma: Ebe ọ bụ na TECs na-arụ ọrụ dị ka ọkpọkọ okpomọkụ—ọ bụghị ebe a na-esi n'ọkụ—iwepụ okpomọkụ dị mma site n'akụkụ ọkụ bụ ihe kachasị mkpa. Ọdịda sistemụ na-abụkarị site na oyi na-adịghị mma n'akụkụ ọkụ; ya mere, sink aluminom ma ọ bụ ọla kọpa nke nwere ike ịgbanwe agbanwe, nke ikuku manyere ma ọ bụ oghere oyi mmiri na-eme ka ọ dịkwuo mma, bụ omume a na-emekarị.

• Nchọpụta okpomọkụ ziri ezi: Nha nha ziri ezi dabere na sensọ ndị a na-ahazi dịka NTC thermistors ma ọ bụ temometa ndị na-eguzogide platinum PT100. Iji belata nguzogide njikọ okpomọkụ ma hụ na nzaghachi ndị nnọchi anya ya, a ga-etinye sensọ ahụ n'ahụ na kọntaktị okpomọkụ dị nso na elu a na-achịkwa - a na-ejikarị mmanụ silicone na-eduzi okpomọkụ ma kwụsie ike n'ụzọ igwe.

• Usoro nchekwa zuru oke: Ndị njikwa okpomọkụ siri ike nwere nchekwa dị iche iche - gụnyere oke ọkụ eletrik, oke voltaji, oke okpomọkụ, na nchekwa sekit dị mkpụmkpụ - iji belata ihe egwu ndị metụtara ihe omume voltaji azụ nwa oge, ọsọ okpomọkụ, ma ọ bụ ọnọdụ ọrụ na-adịghị mma nke nwere ike imebi modulu Thermoelectric, modulu TEC, ogologo oge TEC ma ọ bụ nchekwa sistemụ.

4. Nyocha ntụnyere: Uru na mmachi

Uru:

• Nhazi siri ike na-ewepụ akụkụ ndị na-agagharị agagharị, na-eme ka ọrụ ha dị jụụ, enweghị mmezi, na ndụ ọrụ ogologo oge;

• Ihe dị oke ibu nke na-akwado njikọta n'ime ikpo okwu ndị nwere oke oghere;

• Mgbanwe polarity okpomọkụ ngwa ngwa na-eme ka ọrụ agile rụọ ọrụ n'ofe okpomọkụ sara mbara (dịka ọmụmaatụ, −50 °C ruo +80 °C);

• Nhazi enweghị ihe mkpuchi friji kwekọrọ na iwu gburugburu ebe obibi zuru ụwa ọnụ na ebumnuche nkwado.

Mmachi:

• Ọdịiche dị ala nke arụmọrụ (COP), ọkachasị n'okpuru nnukwu ọdịiche okpomọkụ;

• Ike kachasị elu nke ịjụ okpomọkụ na-egbochi oke n'ihi arụmọrụ ịjụ okpomọkụ n'akụkụ ọkụ;

• Ojiji ike na-abawanye nke ukwuu n'ọnọdụ ΔT dị oke njọ;

• Modulu TEC dị ike (modulu thermoelectric) na-akpata nnukwu ọnụ ahịa ihe na mmepụta, na-emetụta akụnụba sistemụ dum.

Nkọwapụta TES1-12106T125

Okpomọkụ dị n'akụkụ ya bụ 30 Celsius,

Imax: 6A,

Oke ike: 14.2V

Qmax:50.8 W

Delta T kacha: 67 C

Nha: 15X60X3.4mm, dayameta oghere: 6.2

Efere seramiiki: 96%Al2O3

Emechiri: Emechiri ya site na 704 RTV (agba ọcha)

Waya: 22AWG PVC, nguzogide okpomọkụ 80℃

Ogologo waya: 150mm

Ihe na-eme ka okpomọkụ dị: Bismuth Telluride